Cartographic, photogrammetric, geodetic and space technologies are used to create electronic terrain models. The information is collected by means of aerial photography and fixation of geographical data with the use of satellite systems.
The information received during laser scanning of the area is also used in the creation of geoinformation systems. An additional source of information is the data obtained during digitization of analog maps. Aerial survey is carried out with the use of airplanes, quadcopters and drones.
Photogrammetric processing of the acquired images is performed with the help of digital stations and high-precision scanners and other specialized equipment. Digital maps are created on request of individuals and legal entities by licensed private and state-owned companies. The work list for digital mapping includes the following items
- pre-project research;
- developing technical specifications together with the customer;
- creating an electronic image of the area;
- geoinformation system setup;
- training of the software system operators;
- software maintenance and up-to-date information input into databases.
Three-dimensional vector maps, which are specialized databases, have the greatest functionality. Raster maps are less popular because they have a narrow scaling range and cannot be used for critical navigation tasks.